Orbitals

So orbitals are sorta important, so I will first start with the different types. There is an S orbitals which is spherical in shape with a single orbital of 2 electrons. P orbitals which is dumbbell in shape with 3 orbitals and 6 electrons. D orbitals are like two crossing dumbbells with 5 orbitals and 10 electrons. Finally there is F orbitals which are with 7 different orbitals and 14 electrons. This all looks like this:

The orbitals function in a weird way, to name an atoms electron configuration you first name the electron configuration of the period before it then you name the different orbitals before the one you are finishing at, for example phosphorus is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3. which shows you that is has the periods 1 and 2 as its core electrons, with a 3s2 orbital and a 3p3 orbital as its valence electrons. HERE Crash Course goes over orbitals, and HERE is a good website going over atoms in general. Also, here is the what you would label each atom when writing its configuration:

This should give enough for the next lesson, quantum stuff.